# Geometries¶

The Geometries element contains information about any geometries that are in the simulation. You can import a file, or create your own with CSG using the primitive shapes described below.

Be sure to assign a Material to a geometry object before it will appear elsewhere in the simulation (i.e. as an option for a boundary condition, particle emitter, particle absorber, etc.).

A video tutorial on manipulaton of geometries including CAD within VSim is linked here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tz10juYXtP0&list=PLottQ0Bg2M-1v1QKIG0KixkGdZMATEj_s&index=12

## CSG¶

Constructive Solid Geometry can be used to build your own complex geometry. To construct a CSG, left click on the “+” sign next to Geometries and right click on the now revealed CSG tab. Choose “Add Primitive” and select your shape.

Constructive Solid Geometry operations are demonstrated in the linked video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8va94Emc8Qg&list=PLottQ0Bg2M-3ATV5O9IP-3TEC4toVYPAK&index=2

kind (not editable)

Construction Group

tessellation

The size of triangles used to construct the shape. This is a unitless number that is the maximum deviation of a facet from the curved surface divided by the diameter of the facet.

Sphere

kind (not editable)

Sphere

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

The radius of the sphere.

angle

Angle of the sphere, if below 360 will be only a section of the sphere corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the center of the sphere in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the sphere in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the sphere in the z direction.

color

The color of the sphere if set explicitly instead of by material.

Box

kind (not editable)

Box

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

length

The length of the box.

height

The height of the box.

width

The width of the box.

x position

The location of the center of the box base in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the box base in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the box base in the z direction.

width direction x

Set to 1 to make the width parameter of the box correspond to the x direction.

width direction y

Set to 1 to make the width parameter of the box correspond to the y direction.

width direction z

Set to 1 to make the width parameter of the box correspond to the z direction.

angle

The angle of the box.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Cylinder

kind (not editable)

Cylinder

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

length

The length of the cylinder.

The radius of the cylinder.

angle

Angle of the cylinder, if below 360 will be only a section of the cylinder corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the base of the cylinder in the x direction.

y position

The location of the base of the cylinder in the y direction.

z position

The location of the base of the cylinder in the z direction.

axis direction x

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cylinder x; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

axis direction y

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cylinder y; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

axis direction z

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cylinder z; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Cone

kind (not editable)

Cone

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

height

The height of the cone.

The radius of the base of the cone.

angle

Angle of the cone, if below 360 will be only a section of the cone corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the center of the cone base in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the cone base in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the cone base in the z direction.

axis direction x

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone x.

axis direction y

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone y.

axis direction z

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone z.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Torus

kind (not editable)

Torus

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

The radius to the center of the torus.

The radius from the center of the torus to the outside of the torus.

angle

Angle of the torus, if below 360 will be only a section of the torus corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the center of the torus in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the torus in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the torus in the z direction.

axis direction x

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the torus x.

axis direction y

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the torus y.

axis direction z

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the torus z.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Pipe

kind (not editable)

Pipe

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

length

The length of the pipe.

The inner radius of the pipe.

The outer radius of the pipe.

angle

Angle of the pipe, if below 360 will be only a section of the pipe corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the base of the pipe in the x direction.

y position

The location of the base of the pipe in the y direction.

z position

The location of the base of the pipe in the z direction.

axis direction x

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the pipe x; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

axis direction y

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the pipe y; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

axis direction z

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the pipe z; if set to -1, the length parameter will extend in the negative direction.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

TruncCone

kind (not editable)

TruncCone (Truncated Cone)

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

height

The height of the cone.

The radius of the base of the cone.

The radius of the top of the cone.

angle

Angle of the cone, if below 360 will be only a section of the cone corresponding to that angle.

x position

The location of the center of the cone base in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the cone base in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the cone base in the z direction.

axis direction x

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone x.

axis direction y

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone y.

axis direction z

Set to 1 to make the axial direction of the cone z.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Wedge

kind (not editable)

Wedge

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

length1

One length of the wedge.

length2

The second length of the wedge.

height

The height of the wedge.

width

The width of the wedge. Extrudes the wedge from a two dimensional to three dimensional object.

x position

The location of the base of the wedge in the x direction.

y position

The location of the base of the wedge in the y direction.

z position

The location of the base of the wedge in the z direction.

width direction x

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the x direction.

width direction y

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the y direction.

width direction z

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the z direction.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Ellipsoid

kind (not editable)

Ellipsoid

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

Radius of the ellipsoid in the X direction.

Radius of the ellipsoid in the Y direction.

Radius of the ellipsoid in the Z direction.

x position

The location of the center of the ellipsoid in the x direction.

y position

The location of the center of the ellipsoid in the y direction.

z position

The location of the center of the ellipsoid in the z direction.

Longest Principal Axis Direction X

Set to 1 to set the radius1 parameter to be the X direction.

Longest Principal Axis Direction Y

Set to 1 to make the radius1 parameter to be the Y direction.

Longest Principal Axis Direction Z

Set to 1 to make the radius1 parameter to be the Z direction.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

Pyramid

kind (not editable)

Pyramid

material

The material to use for the shape. Chosen from a list of imported materials in your simulation.

baseLength

Length of the base in the X direction.

height

Distance between the base of the pyramid and the top, typically in the Y direction.

baseWidth

Width of the pyramid base in the Z direction.

startTopLength

If equal to the end top length, the pyramid will end in a point in the length direction. Otherwise the top of the pyramid will have a length equal to (endTopLength - startTopLength).

endTopLength

If equal to the start top length, the pyramid will end in a point in the length direction.

startTopWidth

If equal to the end top width, the pyramid will end in a point in the width direction. Otherwise the top of the pyramid will have a width equal to (endTopWidth - startTopWidth).

endTopWidth

If equal to the start top width, the pyramid will end in a point in the width direction.

x position

The location of the upper left corner of the sphere in the x direction.

y position

The location of the upper left corner of the sphere in the y direction.

z position

The location of the upper left corner of the sphere in the z direction.

X component of the width direction

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the x direction.

Y component of the width direction

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the y direction.

Z component of the width direction

Set to 1 to apply the width parameter in the z direction.

angle

Rotates the pyramid around the x axis.

color

The color of the geometry if set explicitly instead of by material.

## Arrays¶

It is possible to generate an array of any CSG or imported CAD object in VSim. This is done by right clicking the object in question and selecting Create Array. You will then be prompted to select a number of elements in the X/Y/Z direction, and spacing between the centers of each object. It is also possible to have all objects in the array automatically into a union.

## Boolean Operations¶

CSG Primitives may be combined in three different ways:

Subtract

This will subtract the second selected primitive from the first selected primitive. Denoted by $$-$$.

Union

This will combine the two primitives into a single object. For use if the combined object is set to be a particle sink. Denoted by $$\cup$$.

Intersect

This will leave only the volume of the two primitives that intersect as an object. Denoted by $$\cap$$.

Boolean operations may be nested, for example two primitives may be combined in a union, and then with a third primitive in a second union. To combine primitive shapes, you must first add two or more shapes to your simulation. Once your primitive shapes are added, highlight the two shapes you wish to combine (using the Ctrl key) and right-click and select Boolean Operation then the operation you wish to perform. It is possible to perform a boolean combination between CSG and Imported CAD Objects.

## Importing files¶

You can import a geometry of type .stl, .ply, .vtk, .stp, .step, or .p12 by right-clicking the Geometries element and selecting Import Geometries.

kind (not editable)

• TriangSolid

• OceStepFromFile

filename

The name and location of the imported file.

scale

A factor to scale the imported geometry by. (Not available in 8.0.)

tessellation

The size of triangles used to construct the shape. This is a unitless number that is the maximum deviation of a facet from the curved surface divided by the diameter of the facet.

An imported .step (or .stp) file will always be converted to metric units (which is the unit system used by VSim). However, an imported .stl file will not be converted to metric, since .stl files contain only the coordinate values.